Hand fan in chinese

The tuanshan was also introduced in other countries, such as Japan.

Fans first emerged in the Chinese history with the founding and evolution of hierarchy in the feudal society as a symbol of imperial power as opposed to a cooling tool for daily use. The mid-Ming dynasty AD of China witnessed the popularity of folding fans, which evolved into an identity symbol for dignitaries and nobilities, an accessory for the literati to adorn their elegant life, and a carrier for artists and crafters to express their talents and craftsmanship. In order to unveil the beauty and charm of fans, popularize the culture of them, and enrich the cultural life of people in the present day, the museum has this exhibition curated based on a selection of exquisite folding fans housed here, revealing the rich and profound culture carried by fans from perspectives of textile for the panel, culture on the panel, carving on ribs, craftsmanship for fan pouches, etc. It is hoped that the viewers, while having a good time at the exhibition, would be able to learn something about art and culture. There are two mainstream views among scholars about the origin of Chinese folding fans, one of which holds that this art form emerged in China as early as the Northern and Southern Dynasties AD , while the other insists that folding fans were introduced from Japan in the early years of the Northern Song dynasty AD.

Hand fan in chinese

A handheld fan , or simply hand fan , is any broad, flat surface that is waved back-and-forth to create an airflow. Generally, purpose-made handheld fans are folding fans, which are shaped like a sector of a circle and made of a thin material such as paper or feathers mounted on slats which revolve around a pivot so that it can be closed when not in use. Hand fans were used before mechanical fans were invented. On human skin, the airflow from handfans increases evaporation which has a cooling effect due to the latent heat of evaporation of water. Fans are convenient to carry around, especially folding fans. Next to the folding fan, the rigid hand screen fan was also a highly decorative and desired object among the higher social classes. Its purpose is different since they are more cumbersome to carry around. They were mostly used to shield a lady's face against the glare of the sun or the fire. Hand fans originated about years ago in Egypt. Egyptians viewed them as sacred objects, and the tomb of Tutankhamun contained two elaborate hand fans. Christian Europe's earliest known fan was the flabellum ceremonial fan , which dates from the 6th century. It was used during services to drive insects away from the consecrated bread and wine. There were many kinds of fans in ancient China.

It was a popular tradition of exchanging folding fans with pieces of calligraphy and painting of poetic landscapes on the panel as gifts of friendship among the literati, especially in the Jiangnan area of China, hand fan in chinese, namely, the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, where men of letters and artists clustered during that period.

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A hand-held fan is a rigid or folding device used throughout the world since ancient times for cooling, air circulation, or ceremony and as a sartorial accessory. The rigid fan has a handle or stick with a rigid leaf, or mount. The folding fan is composed of sticks the outer two called guards held together at the handle end by a rivet or pin. On the sticks is mounted a leaf that is pleated so that the fan may be opened or closed. The fan has played an important part in Chinese and Japanese life. Fans were carried by men as well as women, and there were many classes of fans, each reserved for some special purpose. With so much significance attached to the fan in the Far East, a great deal of attention was paid to its decoration, and the exquisite taste displayed in the embellishment of high-quality Chinese and Japanese fans has never really been equaled. In Europe the painting of fan leaves was, until the 19th century, the work of artisans—clever decorators at best. In China, on the other hand, many of the great painters devoted their talents to the decoration of fans, and the resulting works of art were not always mounted for actual use. The rigid fan was apparently the more common type in China up to the end of the Song dynasty — , but during the Ming dynasty — the folding fan seems to have come into fashion.

Hand fan in chinese

Fan is in common use to drive away heat and stay cool during summer days. While traditional Chinese fan has a profound culture, which is closely associated with bamboo culture and Buddhism culture. China has always enjoyed the reputation of "Fan-making Kingdom". Chinese fan boasts a long history of over thousands years. As far back as in the Shang Dynasty, the embryonic form of Chinese fan has already taken shape. Originally, Chinese fan is not used for relieving summer heat, but for symbolizing the status and power of the user. Real fan-making started during the Western Han Dynasty.

Clothing rack with shelves

See also: Chinese auspicious ornaments in textile and clothing. Chinese brides also used a type of moon-shaped round fan in a traditional Chinese wedding called queshan. Traditional Han Chinese clothing. Ltd who produced a series of advertisements in showing "the language of the fan" with fans supplied by the well known French fan maker Duvelleroy. Humao Damao Liangmao Weimao. Generally, purpose-made handheld fans are folding fans, which are shaped like a sector of a circle and made of a thin material such as paper or feathers mounted on slats which revolve around a pivot so that it can be closed when not in use. Read Edit View history. It was a popular tradition of exchanging folding fans with pieces of calligraphy and painting of poetic landscapes on the panel as gifts of friendship among the literati, especially in the Jiangnan area of China, namely, the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, where men of letters and artists clustered during that period. Toggle limited content width. Archived from the original on Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. The mid-Ming dynasty AD of China witnessed the popularity of folding fans, which evolved into an identity symbol for dignitaries and nobilities, an accessory for the literati to adorn their elegant life, and a carrier for artists and crafters to express their talents and craftsmanship. For other uses, see Fan.

The tuanshan was also introduced in other countries, such as Japan.

Chinese hairpin Buyao. The design of the screen fan is a fixed handle, most often made out of exquisitely turned painted or guided wood, fixed to a flat screen. Hand fans were used before mechanical fans were invented. Plant fibre, wood. It was recorded in the Song Shu [sic. The reverse side of these early fans also started to display elaborate flower designs. Christian Europe's earliest known fan was the flabellum ceremonial fan , which dates from the 6th century. Folding fans are often used to emphasize a point in a person's speech, rather than for express use of fanning oneself. In the 18th century, fans reached a high degree of artistry and were being made throughout Europe often by specialized craftsmen, either in leaves or sticks. ISBN This section does not cite any sources. Japanese rigid fan uchiwa [ ja ]. These fans are particularly well displayed in the portraits of the high-born women of the era. Retrieved 17 July