How many valence electrons does na have

Valence electrons are the outermost electrons, and are the ones involved in bonding. Sodium has 11 electrons: its atomic number is 11, so it has 11 protons; atoms are neutral, so this means sodium also has 11 electrons. Electrons are arranged in "shells" or energy levels. Depending on your level of Chemistry, it is probably easier to think of them as particles orbiting the nucleus.

The electronic configuration is 2 , 8. Therefore, the number of valence electrons in sodium ion is 8. The electronic configuration is 2, 8. Therefore, the number of valence electrons in O 2- is 8. Menu Categories.

How many valence electrons does na have

Valence electrons occupy the outermost electron shell in an atom. Sodium, with a total of 11 electrons, has only one electron in its third and outermost shell. Because the outermost shell comes into direct contact with other atoms when a chemical reaction takes place, the valence electrons play a big role in determining the chemical reactivity of an element and the elements with which it will react to form compounds. Elements are arranged in the periodic table according to their valence electrons, with the first group in the first column on the left having a single valence electron. Sodium is the third from the top in this group. Sodium has one valence electron. The element has a full innermost electron shell of two electrons and a full shell of eight electrons in the next shell. The third shell, which is the outermost and the valence shell, has only one electron. Valence electrons influence chemical reactivity. The electrons around the nucleus of an atom form shells. The innermost electron shell has room for two electrons while the next shell can accommodate eight electrons. The third shell has three subshells of two, six and 10 electrons for a total of The chemical stability of an atom is greatest when all its electron shells are full, but its chemical reactivity is highest when the outermost shell either has only one electron or is one electron short of being full. In these cases, a single electron is transferred, meaning the outermost shell of the donating or receiving atom is complete. The transfer of the electron results in a chemical bond and the formation of a compound.

Related questions Why are valence electrons important? You can reuse this answer Creative Commons License. The electronic configuration is 28.

Your tool of choice here will be the Periodic Table of Elements. Grab one and look for sodium , "Na". You'll find it located in period 3 , group 1. The thing to remember about main-group elements , which are those elements located in groups 1 , 2 , and 13 through 18 , is that their group number tells you the number of valence electrons. In your case, sodium is located in group 1 , which means that it has 1 valence electron. This valence electron is located in sodium's third energy shell.

Although we have discussed the general arrangement of subatomic particles in atoms, we have said little about how electrons occupy the space about the nucleus. Do they move around the nucleus at random, or do they exist in some ordered arrangement? The modern theory of electron behavior is called quantum mechanics. It makes the following statements about electrons in atoms:. It is the arrangement of electrons into shells and subshells that most concerns us here, so we will focus on that. We use numbers to indicate which shell an electron is in. As shown in Table 2. This first shell has only one subshell, which is labeled 1 s and can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. We combine the shell and subshell labels when referring to the organization of electrons about a nucleus and use a superscript to indicate how many electrons are in a subshell. Thus, because a hydrogen atom has its single electron in the s subshell of the first shell, we use 1 s 1 to describe the electronic structure of hydrogen.

How many valence electrons does na have

Your tool of choice here will be the Periodic Table of Elements. Grab one and look for sodium , "Na". You'll find it located in period 3 , group 1. The thing to remember about main-group elements , which are those elements located in groups 1 , 2 , and 13 through 18 , is that their group number tells you the number of valence electrons. In your case, sodium is located in group 1 , which means that it has 1 valence electron. This valence electron is located in sodium's third energy shell.

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How can I calculate the valence electrons of ions? For example, in the same row as sodium, the element in the next-to-last column is chlorine. Sodium and chlorine react strongly to form sodium chloride or table salt, a stable compound. Sodium chloride dissolves in water and forms sodium and chlorine ions. Electrons are arranged in "shells" or energy levels. The thing to remember about main-group elements , which are those elements located in groups 1 , 2 , and 13 through 18 , is that their group number tells you the number of valence electrons. The shell number representing the valence shell will differ depending on the atom in question. There are a number of ways to approach this question. How many valence electrons are in a silicon atom? Starting with lithium Li , which has one valence electron, we can move across horizontally and add one valence electron each time as follows,. What Is a Noble Gas Configuration? So, sodium's 11 electrons are arranged this way: 2 electrons in the first "shell", 8 electrons in the second "shell"; and 1 electron the valence electron in the third "shell".

In the study of chemical reactivity, we will find that the electrons in the outermost principal energy level are very important and so they are given a special name. Valence electrons are the electrons in the highest occupied principal energy level of an atom. Lithium has a single electron in the second principal energy level and so we say that lithium has one valence electron.

This trend only gets broken at Sc This valence electron is located in sodium's third energy shell. Oct 7, Print Page Previous Next. The third "shell" is a bit more complicated but let's just say that it takes up to 8 electrons as well for now Valence electrons are electrons found in the outermost shell of an atom. The element has a full innermost electron shell of two electrons and a full shell of eight electrons in the next shell. When a compound dissolves in a liquid, the compound separates into ions that distribute themselves evenly throughout the liquid. The solution is stable, the ions with their complete outer shells not engaging in any further chemical reactions. Bert Markgraf is a freelance writer with a strong science and engineering background. Starting with lithium Li , which has one valence electron, we can move across horizontally and add one valence electron each time as follows, Element : Number of Valence Electrons Li : 1 Be : 2 B : 3 C : 4 N : 5 O : 6 F : 7 Ne : 8 or zero Furthermore, every atom on the periodic table below lithium Li will also have one valence electron i. Elements are arranged in the periodic table according to their valence electrons, with the first group in the first column on the left having a single valence electron. Explain with the help of two examples of different ions. The shell number representing the valence shell will differ depending on the atom in question.