Neuroprotective

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These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'neuroprotective. Send us feedback about these examples. Accessed 2 Mar. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free! See Definitions and Examples ». Log In.

Neuroprotective

This paper will focus on commonalities in the aetiology and pathology in five areas of neurological disease with illustrative examples of therapy. Possibilities of multimodal and neuroprotective therapies in human disease, employing currently available drugs and showing evidence of neuroprotective potential in animal models, are discussed. By definition, neuroprotection is an effect that may result in salvage, recovery or regeneration of the nervous system, its cells, structure and function. It is thought that there are many neurochemical modulators of nervous system damage. In epilepsy, excessive glutamate-mediated neurotransmission, impaired voltage sensitive sodium and calcium channel functioning, impaired GABA-mediated inhibition and alterations in acid base balance, when set in motion, may trigger a cascade of events leading to neuronal damage and cell death. Acute and chronic nervous system damage in response to an insult may lead to acute or delayed neuronal death, apoptotic cell death, neuronal degeneration, injury and loss, and gliosis. Cell death in the CNS following injury can occur in the manner of apoptosis, necrosis or hybrid forms. The effects of neuronal injury depend on factors including the degree of brain maturity or site of the lesion. There is some evidence supporting the hypothesis that neuroprotection may be a practical and achievable target using drugs already available, at present employed only for limited indications. Using these drugs early in the disease, may save decades of development of new drugs, which would require evaluation in animal studies, and human clinical trials. New drugs would also need to be shown to be safe and acceptable, physiologically not detrimental to humans and free from idiosyncratic adverse effects.

Ginseng Ginseng has been used for centuries as a traditional Chinese herbal remedy and today it is widely thought to possess neuroprotective and neuroprotective eurotrophic properties, which may be useful in preventing the degeneration of neuroprotective cells. In one studyscientists found that iron-binding treatment improved the condition of rodents with an Alzheimer-like disease, neuroprotective. Scientists currently believe that these processes include :.

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Nature has bestowed mankind with surplus resources natural products on land and water. Natural products have a significant role in the prevention of disease and boosting of health in humans and animals. These natural products have been experimentally documented to possess various biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities.

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Stroke is the second most common cause of global death following coronary artery disease. Time is crucial in managing stroke to reduce the rapidly progressing insult of the ischemic penumbra and the serious neurologic deficits that might follow it. Strokes are mainly either hemorrhagic or ischemic, with ischemic being the most common of all types of strokes. Thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and endovascular thrombectomy are the main types of management of acute ischemic stroke AIS. In addition, there is a vital need for neuroprotection in the setting of AIS.

Neuroprotective

Neuroprotection refers to mechanisms and strategies that aim to protect the nervous system from injury and damage. This is especially important for those with certain neurological diseases. Current neuroprotectors cannot reverse existing damage, but they may protect against further nerve damage and slow down any degeneration of the central nervous system CNS. Scientists are currently investigating a wide range of treatments, and some are already in use today. Some approaches may help with more than one condition, as different neurological conditions often share the same features. Different conditions that relate to the CNS can have different symptoms, but the processes by which neurons, or nerve cells, die are often similar. Scientists currently believe that these processes include :.

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Zhang, R. Unlike glutathione, cysteine is the rate-limiting precursor and can readily be taken up as NAC which crosses the blood-brain barrier, hence also have the advantage to be used as a therapeutic agent [ ]. Quercetin is an important natural compound found in many plants and has been reported to improve motor defects induced by MPTP. This group of phytochemicals includes alkaloids, amines, non-protein amino acids, cyanogenic glycosides, and glucosinolates. Biochem Pharmacol, 75 , pp. Under a Creative Commons license. It has been reported that chemical modification by methylation of the free hydroxyl OH- group of the flavonoids can drastically improve absorption, bioavailability, membrane transport and metabolic stability. Brookmeyer R. Bureau et al. Microorganisms with claimed probiotic properties: an overview of recent literature.

Neuroprotection aims to prevent or slow disease progression and secondary injuries by halting or at least slowing the loss of neurons.

Selective nigral toxicity after systemic administration of 1-methylphenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrine MPTP in the squirrel monkey. Morissette M. Glutamate antagonists are the primary treatment used to prevent or help control excitotoxicity in CNS disorders. However, as with many neuroprotective agents, research has not yet confirmed that gene therapy is consistently effective. Food Chem. Adv Exp Med Biol, , pp. Natural products include phytoconstituents, like polyphenolic antioxidants, found in herbs, fruits, nuts, vegetables and also in marine and freshwater flora. Protection from phenytoin-induced cognitive deficit by Bacopa monniera , a reputed Indian nootropic plant. Wang C. Low levels of released lactate dehydrogenase LDH and creatine kinase CK have also been reported [ 43 ]. Quercetin is an important natural compound found in many plants and has been reported to improve motor defects induced by MPTP. Overstimulation of nerves by nerve impulses can result in damage or loss of function. Paeonol reduced cerebral infarction involving the superoxide anion and microglia activation in ischemia-reperfusion injured rats. Dong, D. It can also occur after cell damage or injury as the body tries to repair itself.