Php include vs require

When building a robust PHP application, it's important to write modular code. This makes it easier to maintain, test, and reuse code. One way to achieve this is by using the include and require functions in PHP.

In the realms of computer science and software engineering, reusability and modularity are considered to be important design principles to keep in mind when building software programs. It is therefore advocated to break down your code into several smaller, atomic parts that are independent, reusable and replaceable. This makes projects easier to debug, reduces redundancy, saves an awful lot of memory and resources, and allows for localized, thus more stable updates. A very common example of this can be seen in any website you visit on the internet. Most websites share a very common abstract structure - each webpage has a navigation bar or header , a footer, and some content between the two. It is a common practice of web developers to reuse components like the header, footer, and many others across all the pages of the website. The virtues of reusability and modularity are not just restricted to web components - we can just as effectively compartmentalize and reuse external classes, functions, and variables.

Php include vs require

The include expression includes and evaluates the specified file. The documentation below also applies to require. For example, if a filename begins with.. When a file is included, the code it contains inherits the variable scope of the line on which the include occurs. Any variables available at that line in the calling file will be available within the called file, from that point forward. However, all functions and classes defined in the included file have the global scope. Example 1 Basic include example. If the include occurs inside a function within the calling file, then all of the code contained in the called file will behave as though it had been defined inside that function. So, it will follow the variable scope of that function. An exception to this rule are magic constants which are evaluated by the parser before the include occurs.

The documentation below also applies to require. I cannot emphasize enough knowing the active working directory.

Including a file produces the same result as copying the script from the file specified and pasted into the location where it is called. You can save a lot of time and work through including files — Just store a block of code in a separate file and include it wherever you want using the include and require statements instead of typing the entire block of code multiple times. A typical example is including the header, footer and menu file within all the pages of a website. The basic syntax of the include and require statement can be given with:. Tip: Like the print and echo statements, you can omit the parentheses while using the include and require statements as demonstrated above. The following example will show you how to include the common header, footer and menu codes which are stored in separate 'header.

In this article, we will see the require and include Functions in PHP, along with understanding their basic implementation through the illustration. With this, both functions enhance the code reusability, along with breaking down large applications into smaller, more manageable parts. During this process, if there are any kind of errors then this require function will pop up a warning along with a fatal error and it will immediately stop the execution of the script. In order to use this require function, we will first need to create two PHP files. Using the include function , include one PHP file into another one. During this process if there are any kind of errors then this include function will pop up a warning but unlike the require function, it will not stop the execution of the script rather the script will continue its process. In order to use this include function, we will first need to create two PHP files. Using the include function, include one PHP file into another one. Skip to content. Change Language.

Php include vs require

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As a result, the remaining code is not executed. That's not often possible though especially when distributing packaged applications where you don't know the server environment your application will be running in. Last updated on Feb 14, Difference between Node require and ES6 import and export. Backend Learn Python Tutorial Reference. When we import an external file into our code using the include function, the statements of the external file are executed at the line where include is called. PHP include function: This function is used to copy all the contents of a file called within the function, text wise into a file from which it is called. Like Article. Related Articles. Another thing to note here is that when you include an external file in your code, the variable scope of your main code at the line where the include function is called is merged with that of the included external file. This means that you can create a standard header, footer, or menu file for all your web pages. This can be avoided if we follow and use the concept of file inclusion which helps us to include various files including text or codes into a single program which saves the effort of writing the full function or code multiple times. Let us look at how to require can be used through an example. Warning Security warning Remote file may be processed at the remote server depending on the file extension and the fact if the remote server runs PHP or not but it still has to produce a valid PHP script because it will be processed at the local server.

In the world of web development, PHP Hypertext Preprocessor stands as a robust and versatile scripting language, powering a significant portion of the web.

Now let us look at an example where we can access and modify the state of our main code from an external file upon including it. Open In App. There are two features that assist us in incorporating files in PHP. Create Improvement. The require function produces a fatal error and stops the script's execution if there is a problem loading a file. Thank you for your valuable feedback! In the realms of computer science and software engineering, reusability and modularity are considered to be important design principles to keep in mind when building software programs. Easy Normal Medium Hard Expert. Most websites share a very common abstract structure - each webpage has a navigation bar or header , a footer, and some content between the two. In the above code, there are two files, that is, Page1. Enhance the article with your expertise. The include function does not stop the execution of the script even if any error occurs. The following example will show you how to include the common header, footer and menu codes which are stored in separate 'header. Example 2 Including within functions.