Reovirus

Reovirus government websites often end in. The site is reovirus. Reovirus is a double-stranded RNA-containing virus that possesses the distinctive ability to replicate in transformed cells while sparing normal cells, both in vitro and in vivo, in rodent models of cancer, reovirus.

Mammalian orthoreovirus reovirus is a double-stranded RNA dsRNA virus which encapsidates its 10 genome segments within a double-layered viral particle. Reovirus infection triggers an antiviral response in host cells which serves to limit viral replication. This antiviral response is initiated by recognition of the incoming viral genome by host sensors present in the cytoplasm. However, how host sensors gain access to the reovirus genome is unclear, as this dsRNA is protected by the viral particle proteins throughout infection. To initiate infection, reovirus particles are endocytosed and the outer viral particle layer is disassembled through the action of host proteases. This disassembly event is required for viral escape into the cytoplasm to begin replication. We show that endosomal proteases are required even late in infection, when disassembly is complete, to induce an immune response to reovirus.

Reovirus

Wild birds have great prominence in the transmission of diseases to humans, mainly due to their ease of access to human populations, raising concerns about the potential impact of that proximity on public health. We obtained fecal specimens from 47 species of wild birds for RNA extraction, ARV and PBV detection utilizing molecular methods, nucleotide sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. ARV prevalence was 0. The PBV strains were assigned to genogroup I based on phylogenetic analysis, and they shared a strong phylogenetic link with strains isolated from different geographic locations. The ARV strain was more closely related to strains that had previously circulated in the same region. The presence of ARV and PBV in this habitat suggests that infection cycles of these agents occur naturally in the wild ecosystem, potentially triggering transmission events between bird species and humans. Additional studies are required to determine the epidemiology, origin, evolution, and emergence of new potentially pathogenic viruses in the Amazon. Wild birds are among the animals with high prominence in the context of disease transmission to humans. The ability to fly propitiates birds ease of access to human populations, increasing the transmission risk of pathogens to humans, and the potential impact on public health Morais et al. Viruses are the most important clinical and epidemiological pathogens in birds. Infections that occur in the first weeks of avian life are usually from viral etiology Luz et al. This is due to the potential for dispersal of wild birds, especially those that have migratory habits Bezerra et al. Detection, epidemiology and characterization of VP6 and VP7 genes of group D rotavirus in broiler chickens. Avian Pathology 3:

Genogroup I avian picobirnavirus detected in Brazilian broiler chickens: a molecular epidemiology study. Nodaviridae Sinhaliviridae, reovirus.

Thank you for visiting nature. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript. Mammalian orthoreovirus MRV , also known as reovirus, was discovered in the s and became the first reported segmented double-stranded RNA virus. MRVs have since been found in a variety of animal species, including humans. However, reports on MRV infections are scarce due to the rarity of their symptomatic occurrence.

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Most viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm of host cells form neoorganelles that serve as sites of viral genome replication and particle assembly. These highly specialized structures concentrate viral proteins and nucleic acids, prevent the activation of cell-intrinsic defenses, and coordinate the release of progeny particles. Reoviruses are common pathogens of mammals that have been linked to celiac disease and show promise for oncolytic applications. These viruses form nonenveloped, double-shelled virions that contain ten segments of double-stranded RNA. Both proteins partition the endoplasmic reticulum to form the matrix of these structures. The resultant membranous webs likely serve to anchor viral RNA—protein complexes for the replication of the reovirus genome and the assembly of progeny virions. Ongoing studies of reovirus replication organelles will advance our knowledge about the strategies used by viruses to commandeer host biosynthetic pathways and may expose new targets for therapeutic intervention against diverse families of pathogenic viruses.

Reovirus

Federal government websites often end in. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. The site is secure. NCBI Bookshelf. Baron S, editor. Medical Microbiology. Albert Z. Kapikian and Robert E. Rotaviruses cause enteric disease with symptoms characterized by diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, and fever, or any combination. The virus affects mainly infants and young children.

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Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz To date, cells transformed with neu have been found to be infectible by reovirus, as are a high proportion of breast cancer cell lines. Serological evidence of human infection by bat orthoreovirus in Singapore. One reason is probably because determining the sequence of a segmented genome is laborious. Advanced search. Lim, M. Walters, M. Prevalence and diversity of avian influenza virus hemagglutinin sero-subtypes in poultry and wild birds in Bangladesh. In summary, we demonstrate that symptomatic MRV infections in humans have been continuously and systematically reported in Japan since , and identified a novel human reovirus designated the MRV-2 Osaka strain, which has circulated in Japan for at least two decades. PMC Journal of Veterinary Research Upon elucidation of the intracellular factors that govern cellular susceptibility, it became clear that reovirus Type 3 Dearing was capable of replicating in cells with an activated Ras signaling pathway, whereas normal, untransformed cells were unable to support reovirus infection 1.

Sedoreoviridae formerly Reoviridae is a family of double-stranded RNA viruses. Member viruses have a wide host range, including vertebrates , invertebrates , plants, protists and fungi. Even though viruses in the family Reoviridae have more recently been identified with various diseases, the original name is still used.

Ras-GTP can then activate myriad signaling pathways important in such cellular processes as differentiation and proliferation. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Gene Therapy of Cancer. The birds were kept individually in cardboard boxes lined with aluminum foil paper. In Osaka City, Japan, MRV was first isolated in from a child with meningitis, and then in and from children with gastroenteritis. Families : Permutotetraviridae Sarthroviridae. Yamamoto View author publications. Journal of Clinical Microbiology The ARV strain was more closely related to strains that had previously circulated in the same region. Silva, R. Pathology of Infection with Types 1 and 2. Since there has been no type-specific segment found, except for the S1 segment, it seems that segments can be exchanged between any types of MRV. For virus different amounts of RNAs are required therefore during the translation step there is a control machinery.